Revisiting the Child and Adolescent Survivors of 2004 Tsunami: A Follow-up Study

82 adolescent survivors of December 26, 2004 tsunami waves were assessed for their current level of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG). The intrusive and avoidance reactions were compared against their baseline level measured in 2006. The effect of death of family members and rehabilitation experiences (stay in rehabilitation camp and receiving relief material) on the posttraumatic outcomes was examined. Further, the mediating effect of schema changes, coping, and cognitive-emotional regulation strategies on the relationship between baseline trauma and posttraumatic outcomes was also explored. The findings suggested an overall reduction in trauma level with significant decline in intrusion, avoidance, and total trauma in males. However, the intrusion level had increased in females. The findings also indicated significant sex difference with females scoring high on PTS as well as PTG. Self-blame mediated the relationship between baseline and current levels of avoidance as well as baseline avoidance and spiritual change. Reflective coping significantly mediated the relationship between baseline intrusion and relating to others and personal strength. It also mediated the relationship between baseline total trauma score and relating to others, personal strength, and spiritual change. Preventive coping mediated the relationship between intrusion and appreciation of life, whereas instrumental support seeking mediated the relationship between baseline avoidance and new possibilities and appreciation of life.